Wednesday, August 27, 2014

MMVARI – N1MM by YB0NDT

MMVARI – N1MM 
By: Karsono Suyanto – YBØNDT

Sebuah Program yang di buat oleh  JE3HHT, Makoto (Mako) Mori bernama  MMVARI adalah  multi-Mode SoundCard Ham Radio program untuk  menerima dan  memancarkan mode  RTTY-PSK-FSK-MFSK-GMSK .  MMVARI ini juga bisa di combine pada Logger 32 maupun N1MM. Pada artikel ini , saya akan melakukan combine dengan N1MM Contest Logging .
Software ini gratis bisa di download pada website : 



Pilih MMVARI Home maka akan muncul tampilan seperti ini:


Lalu kita download MMVARI 045.exe


Saya akan menyimpannya di drive D… lalu click Save…

Setelah di save kita lakukan install dengan cara melakukan click pada file : MMVARI045.EXE, lalu click: NEXT


Setelah itu pilih I Accept lalu click NEXT 


Setelah keluar gambar spt ini tetap click NEXT


Click NEXT lagi:



Click NEXT lagi:


Centang Create Desktop Icon, lalu click NEXT seperti gambar di bawah ini:



Ready to Install, click: Install


Setelah Proses install selesai apda desktop computer akan muncul icon seperti di gambar:



Click Icon MMVARI makan akan keluar tampilan seperti di bawah ini:
Kita test click tombol CQ pada Aplikasi MMVARI dan otomatis sudah ada Callsign kita. Pada tahapan ini, proses setup sudah selesai.



Lalu bagaimana caranya jika  Aplikasi MMVARI ini bisa di gunakan pada logger contest  N1MM ??
Ikuti langkah-langkah ini…

1. Copy file MMVARI045.EXE dan paste pada folder N1MM Logger drive C (pastikan N1MM sudah terinstall dan sudah di setup terlebih dahulu pada computer / notebook anda ) 


 2.Buka logger N1MM, click : Config lalu pilih configure Ports,mode control,audio,other



3.Lalu akan muncul gambar sbb: pilih Digital modes


4. Ganti TU Type dengan Soundcard spt pada gambar di bawah ini: 



5. Ganti tulisan pada : C:\Program Files\MMTTY\mmtty.exe,  menjadi  :
C:\Program Files\MMTTY\mmvari.exe  lalu click OK, langkah ke 5 ini sangat penting untuk menghubungkan MMVARI dengan N1MM… jika ini tidak di lakukan maka N1MM tidak akan bisa mengenali MMVARI



6. Sekarang untuk membuktikan apakah N1MM  sudah bisa mengakses/terhubung dengan  MMVARi apalah dengan melakukan langkah sbb: Click window lalu pilih Digital Mode.


7. Jika sudah bisa mengakses MMVARI maka akan keluar gambar seperti ini:lalu kita click Setup dan kita centang MMVARI always on top, pada  Prefered RTTY Interface, kita pilih MMVARI



8. Setelah itu akan keluar seperti pada gambar berikut ini setiap kita pilih digital mode pada window N1MM:


9. Kita bisa Setting background dan warna text yang kita inginkan caranya dengan click setup pada aplikasi mmvari lalu akan keluar kotak sbb:
Bisa di ganti warna background nya dan warna huruf  saat TX maupun RX sesuai keinginan kita … mudah bukan… 



10. Setup Macro MMVARI…. Lalu langkah selanjutnya adalah kita lakukan setup Macro Instruction MMVARI yang di pergunakan saat contest.
Click Set Up pada MMVARI maka akan nampak gambar seperti di bawah ini:
Lalu Click: Message Setup, pada kotak #message Btns kit bisa pilih berapa banyak kotak macro yang kita perlukan… Dalam hal ini saya pilih 16 ,sehingga keluar 16 kotak di bawah tulisan. Ke 16 kotak tersebut harus kita deklarasikan fungsinya masing-masig…  Saya akan tuliskan bagaimana caranya dan apa saja perintahnya..Ikuti perintah deklarasinya  dan step step nya.



Isi Message Caption dengan tulisan : CQ ,lalu  deklarasikan perintah CQ  pada kolom message test  sbb:
{TX} … CQ TEST DE {MYCALL} {MYCALL} K {RX}

Perhatikan spasi saat penulisan… {MYCALL} harus tanpa spasi
Jangan lupa untuk selalu  Save Message dan Save Configuration setiap proses pendeklarasian selesai.




RST… Isi Message Caption dengan tulisan :  RST (pertukaran Report) lalu kita deklarasikan sbb:
{TX} ... {CALL} UR {SENTRST}- {EXCH} - (EXCH} K {RX}



Setelah itu jangan lupa click Save Message maka akan nampak spt gambar di bawah ini:


Lalu click Save Configuration: Dan akan nampak gambar seperti ini:


Jadi setiap kita melakukan pendeklarasian ,jangan lupa untuk melakukan : save message dan save configuration

Lalu kita harus melakukan pendeklarasian utk log QSO kita ke dalam Logger/ N1MM..caranya sbb:
Biasanya saya isi caption dengan angka  73…
Lalu saya deklarasikan sbb:
{TX} … {CALL} TNX 73 DE {MYCALL} TEST K {LOG} {RX}
Nanti otomatis callsign lawan QSO kita akan ter-log secara otomatis ke Log QSO, jangan lupa melakukan Save Message dan Save Configuration


Kita bisa mendeklarasikan apa saja, harap di ingat setiap deklarasi di awali dengan perintah {RX} dan selalu di akhiri dengan perintah {TX}

Selain itu, kita juga bisa langsung menggunakan tombol macro yang terdapat pada N1MM, jadi nantinya kita hanya tinggal menekan tombol F1,F2,F3,dst pada computer / laptop kita.
Karena tombol macro pada N1MM sudah di deklarasikan oleh software, dan bisa langsung bisa kita pergunakan.



Sebagai catatan jika kita ingin melakukan CQ RTTY di  80m dan 40m kita ubah menjadi RTTY – L , jika beroperasi pada band 15m , 20m dan 10 m maka kita ubah menjadi RTTY – U. Perubahan bisa di lakukan seperti pada gambar di bawah ini:


Begitupula jika kita akan menggunakan mode BPSK, maka langsung kita pilih BPSK.  Saya yakin jika step step di atas di ikuti tanpa terlewat, maka proses instalasi pada laptop dan computer anda  pasti berhasil. 
Sangat mudah bukan? Dan kini saatnya kita mengikuti Digital Contest. Selain tidak melelahkan, digital contest juga sangat menyenangkan. Dan ada DXCC Awardnya lho  untuk Digital Mode ini.
Oh iya, MMVARI ini juga bisa di combine dengan Logger 32, sangat mudah sekali, jika ada kesempatan akan saya tuliskan artikelnya. 








Tuesday, August 26, 2014

Antennae for the Low Bands..80 and 160m


Antennae for the Low Bands..80 and 160m

If you listen to the DX activity on the Low bands, you'd be forgiven for thinking that you're wasting your time unless you have a 4 Square Array, 20 acres of Beverage antennae, a huge Amplifier, and a neck like an anvil..

We probably aspire to having the lot, but thankfully, we can do a passable job without any of them.  Those of us, who live in average homes, with average sized gardens, and small to average bank accounts, can be surprisingly successfull on the Low Bands, once we understand what the minimum requirements for success are..

Really, The main area of importance is the antenna farm...!!


  On the higher bands, the same antenna is usually used for both TX and RX .  The Low Bands are different, in that one good TX antenna is probably adequate.    If the TX antenna is relatively inefficient, we can compensate by using more power.  But for RX, we require antennae that  have the very best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that we can muster.  It is also very advantageous if these antennae are directional. Sensitivity in the RX antenna is not really that important, so long as the SNR is excellent.....A good low noise amplifier (preamp/LNA) can give us all the sensitivity that we need.

     My TX Antennae.....!!

First of all I must qualify my remarks by stating that ALL antennae benefit from a good ground under them. ( except the Beverage... "The exception proves the rule" ) 

   One area of my garden has lots of radials, buried wire mesh etc.. I have run many verticals on this site of various types... 1/4 w/l verticals, inverted Ls...trapped and otherwise, and they all worked well. The Verticals have never been more than 50ft high, so various forms of loading have been used to bring them to resonance. Typical of these would be my  80&40mVertical .  Being a fan of L B Cebik W4RNL and his excellent site at Cebik.com , I learned that the MOST efficient form of loading was "capacity hat" loading. I built various antennae using this method, and they were the most successful 1/4 w/l verticals that I've ever built.
 I found an interesting project on LBs site consisting of a triangle of three vertical Dipoles . Shortly afterwards I discovered Don K2KQ's excellent antenna which he calls his Double L  . This is probably one of the quickest lowband antennae to deploy, and is very effective. It does not have the overhead null of the typical vertical, but is a good DX antenna, and can also be used for relatively local QSOs.

    I then ran across "Another Way to Look at Vertical Antennas" by  Rudy Severns N6LF (March 1999 QEX)... This was the "icing on the cake" ... Not alone had Rudy got all the practical stuff that I needed in the article, he also had the  gain figures for his vertical dipoles compared to traditional ( 1/4 w/l) verticals ...Interesting reading..
(A drawing to show the progression from standard dipole, to Capacity hatted, end loaded, vertical dipole)


As the Capacity hats get larger, the resonant length shortens


In the article, Rudy models a traditional full size 80m 1/4 w/l with 4 elevated radials. He compares this with a number of "H" antennae, which vary from 30 ft to 120ft in height. For the full size 1/4 w/l vertical, he predicts a feed impedance of 35.7 Ohms, a 2:1 SWR bandwidth of 175kHz, a peak (take off) angle of 22 degrees, and a gain of +.21 dBi.   Using his tables, my "H" dipole comes up as having a centre feed impedance of 45 Ohms, or 65 Ohms if fed at the bottom.  A 2:1 SWR bandwidth of 170kHz, a peak angle of 23 degrees, and gain of  -- .25 dBi

You can see from this, that my 50ft "H"  has almost exactly the same bandwidth and peak angle as the full size 1/4 w/l vertical, and the gain is only down by .5 dBi..

 ( Vertical "H" Dipole)                                                                                                     



I have come to the conclusion from my experiments, readings and observations, that a capacity hatted vertical dipole, a few feet over ground, is LESS COMPROMISED than a 1/4 w/l vertical of the same height fed against a less than perfect ground. Let's face it, MOST amateur's ground systems are mediocre at best. Also, the dipole is easier and cheaper to rig, and is two dimensional..Very important in my situation, as I cannot run out radials on my neighbours property.  Or, to quote W4RNL..

"Since only a handfull of hams can ever have 160-meter antennas high enough to yield a low angle DX signal, more practical are vertical arrays such as yours.  Vertical dipoles with hats (or Tees) save a plethora of wire needed by monopoles." 

   Tom W8JI in a mail to the Topband reflector on the subject of small antenna efficiency, sums it up neatly....

"The most efficient way to build a small antenna is to use as much capacitance as possible at the antenna ends, and to keep the high voltage areas away from earth or lossy media.
   It is always a tough project to build an efficient small antenna, but the bottom line is you want the highest current over the largest straight area possible and the open ends away from things that might be lossy. Using high Q coils can actually be much more efficient than folding wires, but gives less bandwidth. Capacitance hats at the open ends  always help bandwidth and efficiency."
 
  Being two dimensional,  I can rig the dipoles along my fence line, and this leaves the original site, complete with it's ground system , available for the use of my K9AY loops..
          

(Drawing of the original pair of phased 80m vertical dipoles at EI7BA)



I'm now using 45ft dipoles. loaded top and bottom (cap hat wires) on 80 and 160m, suspended from a 60ft high timber mast, as in the drawing above.
  I have done side by side comparisons with my Inverted L, and  various 1/4 w/l verticals that I've built. They compare very favourably indeed, with the vertical dipole usually a tad better than any of my 1/4 w/l verticals both on TX and RX.  For some reason, the dipoles are quieter on RX than the others...'dunno why...Not that it's an issue here, as I use a K9AY on RX when the going gets tough..
The dipoles are much quicker to erect, as they're only 2 dimensional (no ground system).  Mine are erected along the fence between two fields on my neighbour's farm. Being no wider than the fence itself, the antennae do not interfere with the agricultural activities in any way. This means that my farmer neighbour is quite happy to let me put up as much wire as I like...

( view to the West )


    Because I live on the coast, we get strong winds in the Winter. To "streamline" the antenna, I now feed the dipoles at the base of the vertical wire. 

 IMPORTANT... Because the dipole is now fed asymetrically, we must use a good choke balun at the feedpoint.  At these frequencies, we must use a high permeability ferrite core. I use a FT-240-61 core, wound with as many turns as possible of RG58 coax ( I think I got about 12 or13 on mine). Wind on about half the turns, then cross to the opposite side of the core, and wind in the opposite direction for the remaining turns.


 If you've got any large ferrite cores in your junk box, and you don't have a clue what permeability they are, here's a quick check that I use.

  Wind two tight turns around the core with insulated wire.. Connect the ends to the antenna socket of your Antenna Analyser (MFJ 259 etc)  Switch function to read inductance, and set the frequency to somewhere around1.8mHz.        

  If the meter reads any value of inductance, then that core is probably useful down as far as 160m.   I also use the same method to check small cores for use as 9:1 traffos for a Beverage, K9AY etc.

Here's a quick way to check a choke balun. If  flopping the cable around on the ground, or handling the bottom end of the choke has no effect on the SWR, then it's probably working effectively. If the SWR varies with this treatment, then it's NOT working properly.

     Rudy  uses a drum of coax as a choke on his 160m array....Overkill..? perhaps.. but effective..
 

On the commercial front, Force 12 have stirred up quite a bit of interest with their  Sigma Vertical  antennae. This antenna looks uncannily like the vertical dipoles that W4RNL has had on his website for years. Take a look at what they have to say about vertical dipoles..

Their 80m Sigma has a 36 ft vertical section, has a 70kHz SWR bandwidth, and I'm sure it is an effective antenna. If you've got a handy 50ft or higher tree on your property, the wire version should cost  $50.00 or less, and with the higher vertical section should be even more effective..

        The next modification that I intend to make to my Vertical Dipole, will be to follow LB's suggestion, and use extra vertical wires spaced about 4-6 inches. This should increase the bandwidth, and general efficiency (less resistive losses) of the antenna.

 My RX Antenna..
"On the low bands, the average amateur receiver has excess gain, and so a low-gain receiving antenna with a rear null is beneficial..  Not only does it improve the signal to noise ratio and remove rearward QRM, but it also reduces the occurrence of front-end-overload from QRM, QRN, and from nearby AM BC stations in the MF range.  Hence, gain must be tailored to the situation--which is not the same on 160 as it is on 20 meters. Pattern shape--both horizontally and vertically (i.e., the whole 3-D pattern)--becomes more important than gain itself."

The above quote from W4RNL is an excellent synopsis of the requirements for good Low Band RX performance. For an "in-depth" discussion on the topic go to Tom W8JI's website and read his Receiving section.

I do of course, use my TX antennae on receive also.. However, The single most important addition to my DXing armoury is definitely my K9AY loop array...

         Gary Breed K9AY, did us all a huge favour, when he published that famous article  in September 1997 QST Magazine.  I could "wax lyrical"  about the effectiveness of this antenna, but I shall resist the temptation, as it has all been well covered before.. I will just mention that the K9AY is one of a number of  small and effective receiving antennae, such as the EWE, Flag, Pennant, K6STI etc. that have become very popular.

       There is a wealth of information to be found on the web about all of these antennae , on some really excellent websites..   Your first visit should be straight to "the horse's mouth " at  Gary Breed's K9AY site .  Other sites that you should visit include  Mark Connelly WA1ION  ,   Tom W8JI ,  Flag and Pennant Antenna Compendium ,    Hard Core DX ,  and   Wellbrook products to mention but a few..

 I have made two physical modifications to the original K9AY design..

( Drawing of my K9AY variation..Higher bottom wires = fewer decapitations..! )




              I have raised  the bottom of the loops, to a more comfortable height for lawnmowing etc.. and I have added a further two relays to the Control box. These relays switch in extra resistors in parallel with the main terminating resistor. This allows me to have optimum values for both 80 and 160m, without the complexity of controlling a Vactrol.

 PERFORMANCE...

                   Just two examples of my experiences with my K9AY..

The 10th August 2000.. FR/F6KDF/T on 1.824mHz. Tromelein Island DXpedition. QRN S9 on the TX vertical. EU QRM almost crunching the front end on my FT1000MP.. Absolutely no copy on the DX at my end. On switching to the K9AY Loop, the QRN dropped to perhaps S5. With the null pointing at EU,  FR/F6KDF/T is now readable.

I worked him, in spite of the competition from the EU "big guns" 5 5 9 both ways.

           I'm not a contester, but I do like to give out as many "mults" as I can on the Low Bands. With the EUs in full cry, it's very hard to copy Stateside on the TX antenna when the QRM is way over S9. On switching to the K9AY the noise level drops dramatically, the signals also drop a few S points, but with the extra 20/30dB null  now pointing at Europe, the Stateside stations, although weaker, are now "armchair copy".

Important Note..

I do not mention Beverages, 4 square arrays etc on this page, as it's aimed at the Amateur who has no possibility of erecting such large antennae.. I hope that it may give some encouragement to those who (like myself) have limited space and resources. 

Monday, August 25, 2014

Vertical Dipole Antennas (VDA) by F4BKV Vincent


Vertical Dipole Antennas (VDA) by F4BKV Vincent

Why using Vertical Dipoles: Everything starts in summer 2011, when i had to prepare antennas for the upcoming 2012 Pacific DXpedition (VP6T, TX6T, E51BKV, FK/F4BKV). I was always impressed by the strong signals VP6DX (Ducie Isl.) got with their VDA and I tried to make similar (but lighter) antennas that can be transported by a single man in his luggage. I got precious information from Cornelius DF4SA, the founder of Spiderbeam, and I was also helped by Jacques F6BEE for the calculations and modelisation part with MMANA- GAL software. It then took me a few days to get the first prototype assembled, the most challenging part was to find a solution to build the cross arms as light as possible. At the end, each antenna has a total weight of 1.5kg (including the 10m fiberglass pole). Below you will see some explanation on the performances and some indications on how to build it.

Performances and patterns: As with all other vertical antennas, you need a good ground to get the antenna working efficiently. VDA are no exception and based on my own experience, I would even say they are more sensitive to the near ground. In other cases, and to be more clear : If you do not plan to install your antenna near the sea water, then forget it and look for some other antenna designs. The VDA is performant ONLY near the sea water, and with the sea in the path to the DX. While in South Cook, I made an interesting experiment on the
28MHz band. My operating shack position was 100m away from the sea shore, and I decided to build the
28MHz VDA near the shack, in order to save coaxial lengh and reduce the loss in the cable. But after one day and poor results, i decided to move this VDA near the seashore and connect it with 100m of low-loss H155 coaxial cable. For sure, the loss in the coaxial was still higher than when the antenna was only 15m away, but the fact that the antenna position was on the sea shore gave me much better results on this band. So again, when I say this antenna is to be located at the sea shore, it's not only because photos are more beautiful with the sea in the background .. the salt water is playing a major role in the antenna radiation performance.


Radiation pattern example for 17m VDA

As you can see, the forward lobe is broad, and it's an advantage as you do not really need to turn the antenna, especially if you can get US/JA/EU in this main lobe. There is a very high attenuation at 180° and it's very sharp. I found it very useful, especially when you are on an island, because the antenna is directed to the open ocean and the attenuation is on the local noise (qrm/qrn etc ..) coming from the beach and houses located directly behind the antenna. In multi transmitter environment, it also reduces interferences between stations if the antennas are properly oriented. I was really surprised by this strong attenuation, both during my tests and also in actual operation during my trip (for example, in FK, the 180° was towards ZL and it was extermely difficult to contact them while I had no problem to work EU/JA/US, located 10000km further than ZL !). You can also notice the relatively low elevation angle (14°) of this antenna that takes advantage of the low angle of
arrival of DX signals.

Dimensions (theorical): The following table summarizes the theorical dimensions of the antennas (in meters). Do not start to cut your wires from these values without knowing the velocity factor of your wire. For example, the Spiderbeam CQ-532 stranded copper wire has a velocity factor of about 0.96. It means that the following values have to be multiplied by 0.96 to get the real physical length of the wires.


Band          Spacing          Boom height      Half Driven     Half Reflector  Driven Spacing       Reflector
Spacing
20                3.56                    6.24                    4.97                    5.23                    0.46                     0.42
17                2.78                    4.87                    3.84                    4.09                    0.37                     0.33
15                2.38                    4.45                    3.31                    3.50                    0.31                     0.28
12                2.02                    3.91                    2.81                    2.97                    0.26                     0.24
10                1.78                    3.66                    2.49                    2.63                    0.23                     0.19



Construction:

Step 1: X Cross mounting



-The X cross mounting needs to be strong enough to resist moderate winds and as light as possible. For the boom, I used some telescopic parts of Decathlon 6m fishing rods (56cm length when collapsed, can be transported in a normal luggage). To attach both parts of the boom, I used a small 15cm pvc pipe with additional adhesive tape to ensure the pvc pipe diameter is just going inside the telescopic poles without loses. The plate used is made of aluminium, and with holes pre-drilled. I found it at the nearby DIY shop and it is very lightweight and strong enough. To fix the boom and the mast on the plate, I used cable ties and pieces of bike inner tubes. The piece of inner tube prevents the boom from spinning and slipping and it ensures a strong fixing. Total weight of the plate + cable ties + rubber bands is less than 120g. The boom telescopic poles is around 350g

Step 2: Dipole & coaxial cable mounting


- The Dipole is made with Spiderbeam CQ-532 stranded copper wire and uses a dipole central isolator that allows direct connection of the PL-259 coaxial connector and cable. Several turns of adhesive tape are used to fix the isolator and coaxial cable on the boom, to ensure it will stay in place for the duration of the activity. The coaxial cable has to be kept horizontal along the boom to the mast, and then fixed vertically along the mast. Do not let the coaxial move by itself as it will distort the antenna performance. It has to be firmly fixed with tape along the boom and mast as described.

Step 3: Reflector mounting

- The reflector is also made with Spiderbeam CQ-532 stranded copper wire and fixed with adhesive tape to the boom at the middle (the reflector is made of one single piece of wire).

Step 4: Guy wires



- Guy wires can be made either at the boom crossing or above it (better). Only one layer of guying is enough and it will also help you in case you are alone to erect the antenna vertically. Since the antenna has a broad forward lobe, you will probably not need to turn it.

Step 5: Upper side wires mounting

- Each end of wire elements has to be prolongated by some 50/70cm of non conductive rope. this will allow to fix the rope to the mast while keeping antenna wire elements end at their correct spacing (see antenna design above). Do not bend it too strong, the mast has to be kept straigt

Step 6: Erecting antenna vertically

- This can be easily done by one person and if the guy wires are properly fixed in advance (at least two of them) then you can put the antenna up alone. As often it will be installed on a beach, a good idea would be to dig a hole (at least 30cm deep) and then put the antenna mast inside. If you do so, remember to place the boom
30cm higher or the antenna may be too low.

Step 7: Down side wires mounting


- Fix the down side part of both driven and reflector wire elements to the mast. Like for the upper side, each end of wire elements has to be prolongated by some 50/70cm of non conductive rope. this will allow to fix the rope to the mast while keeping antenna wire elements end at their correct spacing (see antenna design above). By fixing the down side part after erecting the antenna, you can adjust it better to bend it correctly (if you fix them while the antenna is horizontal, it will probably be loosing once in vertical position). That's it !! Total mounting time is around 15 minutes (the initial construction and first mounting takes a bit longer of course).

Friday, August 15, 2014

VE3LYC Cezar, Outstanding IOTA DXpeditioner

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HAM RADIO

VE3LYC Cezar, Outstanding IOTA DXpeditioner


A Passion for Challenge and Adventure

My first contact with amateur radio was as a child, when I discovered the QSL cards that my father received a couple of decades earlier. It was my first lesson in world geography, and when I began to dream about travelling places. I was born in Bucharest, Romania. My father Septimius (Lionel) was a Professional Engineer, who was licensed as YR5TI before World War II and was one of the founders of the Romanian Short Waves Amateur Association in 1936. In 1946 he was among a group of twelve hams who formed the first post-war amateur radio organization, and signed an official petition for the reinstatement of this activity in Romania. Retired in 1967, he became YO3TU and was a frequent presence on the bands for almost 20 years.

I became a SWL in 1968 as YO3-2388. I remember very well how as a young teenager I climbed for the first time the steps of the Central Radioclub in Bucharest with my hand in my father’s. He loved building equipment and experimenting, whereas I became instantly interested in DXing and contesting, with my mother being supportive of my hobby. I was later licensed as YO3YC, and before long became a member of the DXCC, IOTA, and YO DX Club. I maintained my YO first class license and callsign after I moved to Canada with my family in April 1992.

Work kept me QRT for three-and-a-half years. However, by late 1995 my old passion for DXing brought me back on the air, this time as VE3LYC. Now I hold the DXCC Honor Roll (338 MIXT, 337 SSB, 336 CW), 9BDXCC, WAZ (SSB, CW), 5BWAZ (200), DXCC Challenge 2500, IOTA Plaque of Excellence, IOTA Trophy (IOTA 1000), and the Antarctica Award Honor Roll. Since February 2005 I am QRV in digital modes (DXCC 302), and since September same year on 160 M (DXCC 189, WAZ). I am a member of FOC (#1994) and A1-Op Club. In Oct 2009 I was awarded the Premier IOTA Plaque for Outstanding Contribution to the IOTA Community, and in 2011 the Radio Amateurs of Canada’s Amateur of the Year.
The difficulties associated with putting on the air some of the most remote islands on Earth, usually for only a very short period of time, and sometimes under precarious propagation conditions makes island chasing a remarkable challenge. As such, I particularly enjoy the IOTA program, which I also consider perfectly tailored to the DXer.
It took me almost 16 years (until September 2011) to contact 1000 different IOTA groups of the 1055 on the air during this period of time, and 1100 activated. Since some 120 hams have already attained this performance, what new could I possibly write about it? Well, it is not the performance itself I would like to talk about, but the journey; and what a journey this was!



With Ken (right) and guide Paul (left) on Finger Hill Is. (NA-194).

Every operation from a rare IOTA had its incredible challenges and terrific story. I remain graciously thankful to all those many avid and brave activators for sharing with us their brilliant adventures and leaving us with some unforgettable memories. While I tried to gather advance information on any planned activation of a rare island group, if the respective schedule conflicted with my business travel schedule, the latter was always given priority during my first ten years in the Program. It was after I missed a number of extremely rare IOTA expeditions that I finally changed my mind and began scheduling my business travels with the IOTA calendar in hand.



VO2A: working JA pile-up (NA-194)

Meanwhile, my interaction with island chasers grew constantly through my involvement in the Program. First, I became the QSL manager for a series of IOTA operations in the Canadian Arctic carried out by Jack, W2NTJ, between 2000 and 2003 (NA-159, 173, 196). Then, as a pilot station, I assisted the teams that put on the air for the first time AS-162 (Cham Is., 2002), AS-173 (Pamban Is., 2004), and SA-094 (Rennell Is., 2005). These small tasks fermented the idea of being part of an activation team myself, an idea that grew stronger with time.

During 2004 and 2008 I participated in year-long IOTA marathons. Since I was often told that this is mostly a European program, I was poised to demonstrate otherwise.
The two Gold Level Awards received, the only such awards issued to a Canadian and North American station, respectively, were my humble effort to re-iterate that IOTA is truly an international program, and expeditions should focus on scheduling their time on the air to ensure that all regions of our planet are given an opportunity to contact them.

By 2007 I reached 900 IOTA groups confirmed. Since I wanted any personal island activation to also give me a New One, it was pretty clear that at this score no activation would be easy! It was with Ken, G3OCA, that I planned to put on the air in the summer of 2007 East Pen Is. (NA-231 New), located in the southern part of Hudson Bay. Despite my hard work on the logistics, and the very significant costs required to get us up there, our attempt was unsuccessful. The presence of a large number of polar bears around the island determined the locals to refuse helping us out. The guilt of failing Ken added to the shattered dream, leaving me numb.

A few months later though, we began to dream again and in August 2008 Ken and I operated as VO2A from Finger Hill Is. (NA-194) and Paul Is. (NA-205). It was an amazing trip, on which we travelled by helicopter and then by boat, to activate these groups for the first time in 13 years and for the second time ever. All those who helped us on this project, as well as the harsh and majestic landscape of northern and central Labrador with its wildlife, made a great impression on us.

Started as a desire to return something to the hobby for the many hours of unforgettable moments it offered me over the decades, the Labrador project put the island activation process in a completely new perspective for me. That remote island is no longer just a target, a score to settle. It starts with a dream, but it is a challenging journey, with many working together to make it come true. Subsequently, I felt a strong need to explore further our relationship with the surrounding world, with nature and our own kind.


VY0A camp on Fox Is.

At the end of winter 2009 I signed as VY0A from Fox Is. (NA-186), the first operation from this group in 16 years and the second ever, as the group was sitting at #1 on the Most Wanted IOTA List in North America. Getting to the island took a daunting three hour ride on the back of sled runners, pulled by a snowmobile, jumping over the ice mounds created by the continuous breaking of the sea-ice by the tide.
Inside the tent, once the heating fuel ran out, operating at night time at -20oC required sheer determination.
My next two trips brought on the air the last two Canadian island groups that remained to be activated: NA-230 (Gilmour Is., September 2009; see photo below title on first page) and NA-231 (East Pen Is., March-April 2010).

Both trips were very eventful and thus memorable. On the way to Gilmour, the 26 foot boat’s main engine died and a subsequent short circuit killed the sump pump, which led to the slow flooding of the engine compartment, almost sinking the boat several hours later. Before leaving the island we were stalked by a polar bear, and on the way back the repaired engine gave in for good, as the gear box broke. We had to be rescued by another boat, while a C-130 Hercules from the Search and Rescue Center flew circles around us until we neared the mainland.

East Pen was reached by sled pulled by snowmobile after a nine hour ride at -30oC including windchill, following a failed seven hour ride a day earlier when the engine overheated. Later, a strong snowstorm broke the antenna mast in three places, subsequently fixed with improvised materials. Attempting unsuccessfully to bring in a replacement, the guide left me alone on the island for more than three days with a rifle, but without water, wood for fire, or gas for the generator. Warm air moved in rapidly, making land travel extremely difficult. He finally rescued me by plane, but not before I felt compelled to transmit an SOS, which generated considerable attention from hams and non-hams alike, an expression of extraordinary solidarity.

My bond with Jakussie, Peter Boy and Sailasie Ittukallak, and Qalingo Tookalak during the trip to Gilmour went well beyond racial, cultural, social, and religious differences, bringing to the forefront the most fundamental aspects of a human being, where the primordial curiosity and spirit of adventure go hand in hand with the survival instinct, deep respect of nature, and each other. Although Tommy Miles’s decision to leave me alone on East Pen led to some edgy moments, it unleashed a collaborative rescue effort that brought many people together. This rescue included a 26-hour frantic effort by Andrew and Jason to reach me by land, taking them 24 hours to return to the village, while I was picked up by a plane. VE7DP, W3HQ, N9NS, VE7XF, and K1BG are only a few of the hams who actively participated in this memorable operation from afar.


CQ CQ de VY0X


My last trip to the Canadian Arctic was to the beautiful village of Kugaaruk, located around 70oN latitude, from where I activated Ulituqisalik Is. (NA-208, August 2010), the first operation from this group in 14 years and the second ever. The picturesque landscape and the warm hospitality of the locals, particularly of Vincent Ningark, remain etched in my mind. For the first time on one of my trips up North I succeeded to QSO with all seven continents when R1ANP called me on 30 m from the Progress Antarctic Base, situated at 70oS latitude! During five journeys into the Canadian Arctic, a total of six rare and new IOTA groups were activated and 14,500 QSOs logged.
In January 2011 I joined forced with Johan (PA3EXX) and travelled to Herschel Is., at the tip of South America, for the first activation of SA-031 in 24 years and the second ever, as this group was sitting at #1 on the Most Wanted IOTA List in South America, and to Gonzalo Is., in the Drake Passage, for the first activation of SA-097 (CE9/VE3LYC and CE9/PA3EXX). This project, the most complex I had ever attempted, required considerable logistics to secure the licenses, authorizations and permits for landing and operating from these islands, as well as sailing aboard the 40 foot yacht Nunatak, getting on the air, and logging a total of about 7,100 QSOs. The trip sealed a strong friendship with Johan, as well as with Dino (CE3PG), Jorge (CE8PTK), and our sailing crew Thomas and Sara.

During the second day of operation from Herschel Is. we found ourselves in the middle of a powerful storm, with winds gusting to 120 km/h. The sounds of the tent being pummeled by the wind, and the ocean’s waves splashing on the beach were so loud that it was very difficult at times to copy the stations calling in the pile-up. Each night I had to battle with the tide. Higher waters would dig some radials out and flip the mast. Since the beach was narrow, at least one of the radials had to be periodically moved deep into the bush. On Gonzalo Is., a couple of striated caracara, a type of Austral falcon, kept picking at the tip of the radials and so the mast would fall onto rocks and break; they seemed to enjoy this very much. Without wood, we fixed it up using bird bones found around the rocks, remains of animal feasts. At nightfall, the caracara would go away, but the tide would set in, pushing the ocean close to the tent from the east and north.


Preparing for swimming to Pupuya Is.

In November of 2011 I activated for the first time Pupuya Is. (SA-095), together with Christian (CA3TAM), and Juan (CE5PHI). We reached the island by swimming about 50 m in the 10oC water wearing wetsuits. Pupuya is a small but very densely populated bird paradise. We were constantly under bird droppings, and a fine mixture of dust and bird excrement covered everything. From over 30oC at daytime to 3oC at night, the huge temperature variation led to condensation, turning the fine dust into an oily and acidic fluid, which adhered to everything, affecting the antenna tuning. After sunset millions of flies would be wildly attracted by the radio’s LCD or my headband light. They made it impossible to operate by covering everything with a dense layer of insects. I couldn’t see, write, or breathe. Nothing worked until we replaced the white light with red light inside the tent, while keeping white light lamps outside. It was Marisa’s (CE2MT) tireless effort that ensured the necessary logistical support for this expedition.


CE9 Camp on Gonzalo IS. (SA-097)

One of my most challenging operations was from Escondida Is. (SA-096), in January 2013. It was the last IOTA group from South America waiting to be activated. A small rocky island off the coast of Patagonia, Escondida is home to a permanent colony of sea lions hundreds strong. Swimming against the strong currents and avoiding shallow rocks, I landed together with Alex (LU5WW), bringing with us the radio equipment, including two ICOM IC-7000 rigs, a multi-band wire vertical, a waterproof laptop, an electronic key, and a foot paddle. Due to a boating accident, we were unable to receive the rest of the supplies and were forced to return to mainland, leaving all of the equipment behind, to be later swept away by the tide and lost at sea.

Despite a second accident the next day, in which Jose (LU2WAZ) ended up with a severely bruised leg, we landed again, followed by Johan (PA3EXX) and Miguel (LU4WMM), with spare equipment and minimum food and drink supplies. With great difficulty, we advanced slowly against very aggressive sea lions, and reached the top of the hill well after sunset.

The camp was set up and the wire vertical antenna installed under headband lights. I operated with Johan and Alex in shifts under the open sky, and all of us took turns with Miguel to guard the antenna against animal intrusions. A change in wind direction the next day signaled incoming stormy weather. As such, the logistical team requested that operations be terminated, and that the team return to mainland. In 17 hours of operation we made 2000 QSOs with 1600 different stations.

It is the need to dream that makes us go where few have gone before. From the cold of the Arctic to the wet and windy Sub-Antarctic region at the tip of South America, the attempt to bring on the air some elusive islands led me to some unforgettable life experiences. It allowed me to discover nature in its fresh and unspoiled beauty, and to better understand the ancestral respect that locals have for it and everything it represents and that they rely upon. It also gave me the possibility to reflect on our role and position as mankind. Weak and meek as isolated individuals, we are brave and powerful together. It is through resolve and determination that we succeed, relying on one another.

It takes the effort of a great team to win a motorsport event, or put a man on the Moon. Keeping proportions in check, it also takes a considerable team effort to bring a rare one on the air. Since this work takes place primarily behind the scenes, it is rarely apparent to most of the stations in the pile-up, but it deserves full acknowledgment. My hobby tale, however, is also about the thousands of operators like you, the reader, chasing that elusive DX. It is about those who have long since joined in, and others who will join before long in the challenge and adventure of discovering the amazing world we share.

It is the trust, enthusiasm, and support of many that feeds our dreams, as our ever hungry curiosity continuously extends our horizons as a group. And thus, the success of a tiny, little project becomes part of a much larger and far more profound group experience. Stories about my trips are available in publications such as QST (May 2010, Oct 2010, Oct 2011), The DX Magazine (May/June, July/August 2010, March/April 2011), The Canadian Amateur (March/April 2009, May/June 2012), RadCom (December 2011, April 2012), IOTA Directory (2011), as well as radio magazines in Romania (Radiocomunicaţii si Radioamatorism), Finland (Radioamatööri), Germany (FUNK Amateur), Argentina (Revista del RCA), etc.

Looking back at the past years, I would like to express my gratitude to the German DX Foundation, International Radio Expedition Foundation, Clipperton DX Club, Swiss DX Foundation, top donors W5BXX, JM1PXG, and VE7DP, as well as other groups and hundreds of island chasers and DXers whose financial support helped bring these projects to life. ICOM Canada’s constant and unweaving support is gratefully acknowledged. I would like to thank Alfio (IT9EJW) – who designed and printed all my QSL cards, George (VE3GHK) – who provided invaluable technical support and Maury (IZ1CRR) – who designed and maintained several expedition websites. My entire journey was only possible with the love, understanding, and unmatched moral support received from my wife Lucia and our son Tiberius.