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Sunday, February 19, 2012

Lighthouses of Indonesia: West Papua

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm

Lighthouses of Indonesia: West Papua

Indonesia has been independent since 1945, after having been the Dutch East Indies for more than 350 years. It is a huge country, stretching along both sides of the Equator for more than 46 degrees of longitude (roughly 5100 km or 3200 miles). Comprised of some 17,000 islands (more than 6000 inhabited islands), it has hundreds of major aids to navigation.
This page includes the lighthouses of Indonesian Papua (western New Guinea). The Dutch extended their claim to western New Guinea, the world's second-largest island, in 1828, but they established no major settlements until nearly 1900. The principal towns today are Jayapura (formerly Hollandia) and Manokwari in the north, Sorong at the west end of the island, and Merauke in the south. Most of the Indonesian half of the island is included in Papua Province. West Papua Province includes the oddly-shaped Doberai or Bird's Head (Vogelkop) Peninsula at the northwestern corner of New Guinea.
The Indonesian word for a lighthouse is mercusuar. The phrase menara suar, which includes the Arabic word menara, is sometimes used instead. Tanjung andujung are words for capes, pulau is an island, selat is a strait, karang is a reef, and teluk is a gulf, bay, or harbor.
Aids to navigation in Indonesia are operated and maintained by the Indonesian Directorate of Marine Navigation (Indomarinav).
ARLHS numbers are from the ARLHS World List of Lights. Admiralty numbers are from volumes F and K of the Admiralty List of Lights & Fog Signals. U.S. NGA List numbers are from Publication 112.

General Sources
KITLV Beeldbank: Historic photos from the collection of the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.

Oinake Light, Papua, November 2007
photo copyright Billy Sumuan; used by permission

Papua Province South Coast (Arafura Sea) Lighthouses

Merauke Area Lighthouses
Note: A town founded by the Dutch in 1902, Merauke has a population of about 70,000 and is the principal settlement on Papua's south coast.

West Papua Province Lighthouses

South Coast (Seram Sea) Lighthouses
Bitsyaru: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 75 m (246 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. 15 m (49 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Located on a promontory at Bitsyaru on the Kamrau Gulf. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-113; Admiralty K3345.3; NGA 25916.
Pulau Adi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 30 m (98 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. "White structure," according to NGA. No photo available, but Google's satellite view reveals a square white building that must carry the light. This light marks the entrance to the large Kamrau Gulf on the southwest coast of Papua. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3345.5; NGA 25912.
Pulau Panjang (Tanjung Wamarusa) (2): Date unknown (station established 1904). Active; focal plane 34 m (112 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. 13 m (43 ft) square skeletal tower with gallery, painted white. No photo available, but Google has asatellite view. This light marks the entrance to a sheltered bay and the small port of Faklak. Located on Tanjung Wamarusa at the eastern end of Pulau Panjang. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-232; Admiralty K3346; NGA 25920.
Pulau Sabuda: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 100 m (328 ft); two white flashes every 18 s. 17 m (56 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy and clouded satellite view. Sabuda is an island about 25 km (15 mi) long off the entrance to the Berau Gulf, a large embayment under the "chin" of the Bird's Head. Located at the eastern end of the island. Accessible only by boat; the island is reported to be privately owned. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-245; Admiralty K3348.4; NGA 25940.
Tanjung Sabra (2): 2008 (station establishment date unknown). Active; focal plane 16 m (52 ft); white flash every 5 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the point. Located on a low promontory on the north side of the entrance to the Berau Gulf, a large embayment under the "chin" of the Bird's Head. Probably accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-327; Admiralty K3349; NGA 25928.
Pulau Yefjus (Yef Yus, Jef Joes): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 33 m (108 ft); white flash every 7.5 s. 20 m (66 ft) square skeletal tower with gallery, painted white. A photo and a distant view are available. Located on a small island about 40 km (25 ft) south of the "beak" of the Bird's Head. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-136; Admiralty K3358; NGA 25944.
Raja Ampat Lighthouses
Note: The Raja Ampat Islands are a loose group of islands, large and small, lying off the western tip of Papua. The name means "Four Kings," and there are four large islands: Misool in the south, Salawati and Batanta in the center just off the Papuan coast, and Weigeo to the north. The islands form a regency within West Papua province.
Saonek Besar: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 62 m (203 ft); white flash every 7.5 s. Approx. 30m (98 ft) square skeletal communications tower with gallery, painted white. A photo and a distant view are available, and Google has a satellite view. Saonek Besar is a small but densely populated island about 5 km (3 mi) southwest of Sapokreng, a port on the south coast of Waigeo. The island is known as a base for scuba diving expeditions. Located atop a bluff on the southern tip of Saonek Besar. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3363; NGA 26022.
Tanjung Warangket (2): 2007 (staion establishment date unknown). Active; focal plane 74 m (243 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. Square skeletal tower with gallery, height unknown but at least 20 m (66 ft). A photo is available, but Google has only a distant satellite view of the area. Located on the northern tip of Salawati, where it marks the eastern entrance to the strait separating Salawati and Batanta. Accessible only by boat. Admiralty K3364.
Sorong Area Lighthouses
Pulau Buaya (Pulau Ram): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 86 m (282 ft); four white flashes every 25 s. 20 m (66 ft) "white beacon," according to NGA. No photo available; Google has a satellite view that doesn't clarify whether the tower is concrete or skeletal. The light guides vessels entering the Sele Strait, which leads to the port of Sorong at the western tip of Papua. Located on the western tip of the island, about 10 km (6 mi) northwest of Sorong. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3373.3; NGA 25956.
Mios Su (Amsterdam Island): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); white flash every 3 s. 16.5 m (54 ft) square iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. This light marks the eastern entrance to the Dampier Strait, which separates the Doberai Peninsula of Papua from the island of Waigeo. Located on the western tip of a small island off the "eyebrow" of the Bird's Head. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-170; Admiralty K3376; NGA 26024.
Tanjung Saukorem (Saoekorem): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 32 m (105 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and the tower is not seen clearly in a Google satellite view of the station. Located on a low promontory on the top of the Bird's Head, about 125 km (75 mi) north northwest of Manokwari. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-269; Admiralty K3376.5; NGA 26028.
Mapia Atoll Lighthouses
Pulau Fanildo: 2007. Active; focal plane 33 m (108 ft); two white flashes every 12 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon." No photo available; Google has a distant satellite view of the islet. This lighthouse and the next two are on the Mapia atoll (Kepulauan Mapia), located far out in the Pacific about 200 km (125 mi) north of Manokwari. The lighthouse marks the northwestern corner of the Mapia atoll. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2111.98.
Pulau Bras: 2007. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); two white flashes every 12 s. 40 m (131 ft) "white tower." No photo available; Google has a distant satellite view of the islet. This new lighthouse marks the northeastern corner of the Mapia atoll. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2111.95.
Pulau Pegun: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 30 m (98 ft); white flash every 5 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon." No photo available; Google has a fuzzy satellite view of the location. Both NGA and ARLHS have placed the light erroneously in Palau. Located on the southern tip of Pulau Pegun, marking the southern end of the atoll. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS PAL-002; Admiralty F2111.9; NGA 111-10932.
Manokwari Area Lighthouses
Tanjung Memori: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 16 m (52 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. 17 m (56 ft) square skeletal tower with gallery, painted white. Two keeper's houses. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. Tanjung Memori is a promontory sheltering the harbor of Manokwari, the capital of West Papua province. Located at the tip of the cape, about 8 km (5 mi) east of Manokwari. Accessible by road. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3389; NGA 26032.
Pulau Numfoor (Yerunana): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); white flash every 5 s. 16 m (52 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Pulau Numfoor is an island about 25 km (15 mi) in diameter in the northwestern corner of the Cenderawasih Gulf. Located near Kameri on the northwestern side of the island, about 65 km (40 mi) east of Manokwari. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-179; Admiralty K3392; NGA 26052.
Tanjung Oransbari: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 50 m (164 ft); white light occulting once every 4 s. "White beacon," according to NGA, a description that typically refers to a skeletal tower but may mean a concrete tower here. No photo available, but Google has an indistinct satellite view. Located on a promontory at the back of the Bird's Head, marking the west side of the entrance to the Cenderawasih Gulf. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3395.1; NGA 26080.

Papua Province North Coast Lighthouses

Cenderawasih Gulf Lighthouses
Pulau Bepondi North: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 33 m (108 ft); two white flashes every 12 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon," possibly a concrete tower. No photo available, and the lighthouse may be too new to appear in Google'ssatellite view. Pulau Bepondi is a small island about 30 km (19 mi) northwest of the large island of Pulau Biak and 160 km (100 mi) northeast of Manokwari. Located on the northern tip of the island. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3391.7.
Pulau Rani: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); white flash every 3 s. 15 m (49 ft) "white beacon." No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the island. Located on a small island in the northwestern Cenderawasih Gulf. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3392.7; NGA 26056.
Pulau Rasi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 14 m (43 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. 16 m (52 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very fuzzy satellite view. Located on a small island off the entrance to the broad Cenderawasih Gulf. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3393.6; NGA 26088.
Ujung Kimbo (Teluk Kimi): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 23 m (75 ft); two white flashes every 8 s. 20 m (66 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Located on a promontory sheltering the harbor of Kimi, a town on the east side of the Cenderawasih Gulf. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3395.8; NGA 26104.
Tanjung Kamengsenu: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 53 m (174 ft); white flash every 4 s. No description or photo available, but a tall tower is likely at this location. Google has only a distant satellite view of the cape. Located on a prominent cape on the east side of the Cenderawasih Gulf. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3395.9; NGA 26104.5.
Tanjung Rainbawi (Tanjung Rainbawa): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 26 m (85 ft); white flash every 3 s. 20 m (66 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available; the tower is barely visible in a distant Google satellite view. The lighthouse may have been replaced recently, since NGA lists a 16 m (52 ft) tower. Located at the eastern tip of the island of Yapen, marking the east entrance to the Cenderawasih Gulf. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-322; Admiralty K3393.7; NGA 26108.
Philippine Sea Lighthouses
Mamberamo: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 31 m (102 ft); white flash every 5 s. 16 m (52 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available; the tower might be visible in a Google satellite view. Located on the west side of the entrance to the Mamberamo River about 5 km (3 mi) west of Tanjung Perkam (Cape D'Urville), the northwestern "shoulder" of New Guinea. Site status unknown. Admiralty K3396.6; NGA 26112.
* Oinake: Date unknown (1990s?). Active; focal plane 200 m (656 ft); white flash every 10 s. Approx. 37 m (121 ft) octagonal concrete tower with lantern and gallery. The lighthouse is unpainted white concrete. A photo is at the top of this page, Ashley Zoch has a 1999 photo, and Google has a good satellite view. This lighthouse is located at the border between Indonesian Papua and the independent nation of Papua New Guinea, near the town of Watung, Papua New Guinea, and about 50 km (30 mi) east of Jayapura, the capital of Indonesia's Papua province. Accessible by road. Site open, tower closed. Admiralty K3399.8; NGA 26129.

Information available on lost lighthouses:

Notable faux lighthouses:

Pulau Dofior, Sorong. This monument at the harbor entrance is easily mistaken for a lighthouse. There is a light on a small red skeletal tower in front of the monument (Admiralty K3366; NGA 25968).

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm

Lighthouses of Indonesia: Maluku

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm

Lighthouses of Indonesia: Maluku

Indonesia has been independent since 1945, after having been the Dutch East Indies for more than 350 years. It is a huge country, stretching along both sides of the Equator for more than 46 degrees of longitude (roughly 5100 km or 3200 miles). Comprised of some 17,000 islands (more than 6000 inhabited islands), it has hundreds of major aids to navigation.
This page includes the lighthouses of Maluku (the Moluccas), the islands traditionally known in the West as the "Spice Islands." Maluku lies east of Sulawesi (Celebes), south of the Philippines, and west of New Guinea. The Dutch established two major settlements in these islands, Ternate in the north and Ambon near the center of the group; these two cities are now the capitals of North Maluku and Maluku provinces, respectively.
Photos of lighthouses in Maluku are extremely rare on the Internet. Please let me know if you have or can locate additional photos. Special thanks to Michel Forand for his research in support of this page.
The Indonesian word for a lighthouse is mercusuar. The phrase menara suar, which includes the Arabic word menara, is sometimes used instead. Aids to navigation in Indonesia are operated and maintained by the Indonesian Directorate of Marine Navigation (Indomarinav).
ARLHS numbers are from the ARLHS World List of Lights. Admiralty numbers are from volumes F and K of the Admiralty List of Lights & Fog Signals. U.S. NGA List numbers are from Publication 112.

General Sources
KITLV Beeldbank: Historic photos from the collection of the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.

Tanjung Waka Light, Sula Islands, April 2008
Creative Commons photo by Chandra Marsono

Maluku Province Lighthouses

Eastern Sunda Islands Lighthouses
Note: These islands lie north and east of Timor at the extreme eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, but they are included in Maluku Province as the Southwest Maluku Regency.
Pulau Liran (Wetar Strait) (2): Date unknown (station established 1903). Active; focal plane 82 m (269 ft); four white flashes every 40 s. NGA provides no description of the current light. No photo available, although a tourist site mentions the lighthouse and Google has a very distant satellite view. The original lighthouse was a hexagonal skeletal tower with lantern and gallery; the Amsterdam Tropenmuseum has a 1939 photo. This lighthouse is important in guiding ships toward the island of Timor. Located at the southern tip of Liran, a small island off the southwestern tip of the much larger island of Wetar, about 75 km (45 mi) north northeast of Dili, Timor Leste. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-357; Admiralty K1372; NGA 25716.
Tanjung Tutunhatoloi: 2004. Active; focal plane 90 m (295 ft); white flash every 7 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a distant satellite view. Located at the northeastern corner of Wetar. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1372.5.
Tanjung Tutunmahin (Pulau Kisar): 2004. Active; focal plane 90 m (295 ft); white flash every 4.5 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has an indistinct satellite view. Located at the southeastern tip of Pulau Kisar, an island about 30 km (19 mi) north of the eastern tip of Timor. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1373.2.
Tanjung Tutpateh (Pulau Leti): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 40 m (131 ft); three white flashes every 10 s. "White metal framework structure," according to NGA; this is probably a square skeletal tower with gallery. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view of the station. This light and the Pulau Yako Light in Timor Leste frame a narrow passage around the eastern end of Timor, joining the Banda Sea to the Timor Sea. Located at the eastern tip of Pulau Leti, 35 km (22 mi) east northeast of Pulau Yako. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-335; Admiralty K1374; NGA 25719.
Meatiy Miarang (Meaty Miarang, Meatimiarang, Brisbane Island): 1903. Active; focal plane 25 m (82 ft); three white flashes every 29 s. 23 m (75 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No current photo available; Google has a very distant satellite view of the location. KITLV has a1913 photo of the original lighthouse, a hexagonal skeletal tower with lantern and gallery; this historic lighthouse apparently survives here. The lighthouse marks an extensive and dangerous reef system midway between Pulau Lakob, in the Leti group, and Pulau Sermata, the largest island of the Sermata group. Located on a small island at the south end of the reef. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-166; Admiralty K1376; NGA 25720.
Tanimbar Islands Lighthouses
Note: The Tanimbar Islands are roughly halfway between Timor and Papua (New Guinea), with the Banda Sea to the northwest and the Arafura Sea to the southeast.
Tanjung Arousu (Orousu): 2006. Active; focal plane 37 m (121 ft); white flash every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, and Google comes frustratingly close to having a satellite view. Pulau Arousu is the southernmost island of the Tanimbar group. Located at the southern tip of the island, facing the Arafura Sea. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1376.5.
Pulau Asutubun (Asoeboetoen): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); white flash every 3 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and the tower is not seen in Google's satellite view. Located on a small island off the southern tip of the much larger Pulau Yamdena. Site status
Tanjung Warlangir: 2003. Active; focal plane 74 m (243 ft); white flash every 6 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but a distant Google satellite view probably shows the station. Located at the extreme northeastern end of the Tanimbar group. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1384.
Pulau Kalbur: 2003. Active; focal plane 60 m (197 ft); white flash every 4 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available; Google has a distant satellite view of the island. Located at the extreme northern end of the Tanimbar group. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1384.5.
Aru Islands Lighthouses
Note: The Aru Islands are the easternmost island group of Maluku, located about 150 km (90 mi) southwest of the Papua (New Guinea) coast. Dobo is the chief port of the islands.
Kei Islands Lighthouses
Note: The Kei Islands (formerly called the Kai Islands) are a group of relatively small islands lying northeast of the Tanimbar group, west of the Aru group, and southeast of the large island of Seram. Tual, the chief town of the archipelago, suffered a severe earthquake in September 2010.
Tanimbar Kei (Keitanimbar, Kaitanimbar, Atnebar): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 60 m (197 ft); three white flashes every 10 s. "White structure," according to NGA. No photo available, but this description usually means a concrete tower. Google has only a very distant satellite view of the island. Located on the island of Atnebar or Tanimbar Kei, at the southern end of the Kei group. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1628.8; NGA 25830.
Pulau Kur (Koer): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 120 m (394 ft); three white flashes every 20 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and the tower is not seen in Google's satellite view. Pulau Kur is about 80 km (50 mi) northwest of Pulau Kei Kecil, the northernmost major island of the Kei group. Located at the northeastern tip of the island. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1628.5; NGA 25828.
Pulau Bui: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 15 m (49 ft); white flash every 5 s. 15 m (49 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. Located at the northwestern tip of the island of Bui, about 30 km (19 mi) north of the Pulau Kur light and about 175 km (110 mi) southeast of Ceram. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-117; Admiralty K1628; NGA 25824.
Banda Sea Lighthouses
Pulau Suanggi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 122 m (400 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. 15 m (49 ft) "white beacon," perhaps a concrete tower. No photo available, and the island is only a blur in Google's satellite view. Note that there is another Pulau Suanggi light near Ambon (see below). Located atop a small island at the northwestern end of the Banda group, in the Banda Sea about 200 km (125 mi) southeast of Ambon. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1625; NGA 25808.
Pulau Bingkudu: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 25 m (82 ft); white flash every 5 s. 20 m (66 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, but the tower is barely discernible in a distant Google satellite view. Located on a tiny island, the northernmost of the Penyu (Turtle) group, in the Banda Sea about 350 km (220 mi) south of Ambon. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1598.
Seram and Ambon Area Lighthouses
Note: Seram is the largest island of Maluku Province, about 360 km (225 mi) long and 50 km (30 mi) wide. Lying east to west, it separates the narrow Seram Sea to the north from the broad Banda Sea to the south.Ambon Island lies a short distance southwest of Seram. The provincial capital, Ambon City, is ona southwestern peninsula of Ambon Island, facing the deep sound of Ambon Bay. With a population of about 275,000, it is the largest city of eastern Indonesia.
* [Pulau Saparua]: Date unknown. Active; focal plane about 14 m (46 ft); continuous red light. 12 m (39 ft) hourglass-shaped white concrete post light. A photo is available, but clouds obscure Google's distant satellite view of the area. Located on the quay at Haria harbor on the south side of Pulau Saparua, about 40 km (25 mi) east of Ambon. Site open, tower closed. Admiralty K1616; NGA 25804.
Tanjung Nusanive (Nusaniwe, Noesanive): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 138 m (453 ft); white flash every 5 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but a Google satellite view probably shows this light station. This may be the original lighthouse, a 21 m (69 ft) square skeletal tower with gallery seen in a 1919 photo posted by the Amsterdam Tropenmuseum. Located at the southern tip of Ambon island, about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Ambon city. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-317; Admiralty K1620; NGA 25772.
Tanjung Sikula: Date unknown. Active; focal plane approx. 15 m (49 ft); red flash every 10 s. 13 m (43 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a good satellite view. Located on a point of land on the north side of the bay of Ambon, about 8 km (5 mi) west of the city. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1621; NGA 25776.
Pulau Nusatelu (Pulau Ela): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 60 m (197 ft); white flash every 4 s. "White beacon," according to NGA. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the island. A tall tower is to be expected at this site, marking the entrance to the protected Piru Bay separating Ambon and Seram. Located on an island off the northwestern coast of Ambon island. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1619; NGA 25773.
Pulau Suanggi (Sunggi): Date unknown (station established 1904). Active; focal plane 94 m (308 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 21 m (69 ft) iron skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distantsatellite view of the area. This light guides vessels through a narrow strait between the islands of Buru and Seram (Ceram). Note that there is another Pulau Suanggi Light in the Banda Sea Islands (see above). Located at the west end of Pulau Suanggi, about 80 km (50 mi) northwest of Ambon, the capital of Maluku province. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-249; Admiralty K1600; NGA 25752.
Pulau Niene: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 60 m (197 ft); two white flashes every 15 s. No description or photo available, but a Google satellite view shows the faint shadow of a tall square skeletal tower. Located on a small island on the north side of Pulau Boano, off the northwestern tip of Seram (Ceram). Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1600.5; NGA 25754.
Buru Lighthouses
Note: Buru is a large, roughly elliptical island to the west of Seram, from which it is separated by the Manipa Strait. The mountainous island is about 130 km (80 mi) long and 90 km (55 mi) wide.
Tanjung Bartutui: 2003. Active; focal plane 116 m (381 ft); three white flashes every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, mounted atop a 1-story building. Lighthouse painted white. No photo available, and clouds obscure the area in Google's satellite view. This light marks the southern entrance to the Manipa Strait, the passage between Buru and Seram. Located on the southern tip of Pulau Ambelau, an island off the southeastern coast of Buru. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1599.5.
Pulau Fogi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 153 m (502 ft); two white flashes every 15 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island just off the western tip of Buru. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1597; NGA 25746.

North Maluku Province Lighthouses

Note: North Maluku (Maluku Utara) includes the large island of Halmahera and nearby islands, notably Morotai to the north, Bacan and Obi to the south, and the Sula Islands to the southwest. On the west, the Maluku Sea separates Halmahera from Sulawesi (Celebes). To the northeast is the open Philippine Sea, and on the southeast the Halmahera Sea separates Halmahera from Papua (New Guinea). On the south, the narrow waters of the Seram Sea separate Halmahera from Seram (Ceram) and the other islands of Maluku Province. The population of the province is barely one million, a small population for Indonesia. The largest settlement, Ternate, is on a small island off the west coast of Halmahera.
Eastern Halmahera and Halmahera Sea Lighthouses
Pulau Lawin (Pulau Laliola): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 34 m (112 ft); two white flashes every 6 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island in the Halmahera Sea about 55 km (35 mi) east of the island of Obi. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1603; NGA 25764.
Pulau Leleve: 2006. Active; focal plane 26 m (85 ft); white flash every 5 s. 20 m (66 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, but Google has a good satellite view. Located on a small island in Buli Bay, off the east coast of Halmahera, about 20 km (13 mi) north of Bicoli. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2109.6.
Pulau Yiew (Jiuw): 2006. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) "white tower," probably skeletal. No photo available, and the island is only a blur in Google's satellite view. Located on a small island about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of the eastern tip of Halmahera's eastern peninsula, marking the northern entrance to the Halmahera Sea. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2109.8.
Sula and Obi Islands Lighthouses
Tanjung Akelamo: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 46 m (151 ft); white flash every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Located on the southwestern tip of Pulau Obi (Obira), marking the east side of the southern entrance to the Maluku Sea. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1590.5.
Tanjung Dehekalano: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 65 m (213 ft); three white flashes every 20 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the cape. Located at the eastern tip of Pulau Lifumatola, at the extreme eastern end of the Sula Islands, marking the west side of the southern entrance to the Maluku Sea. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1592; NGA 25742.
Tanjung Waka: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 50 m (164 ft); three white flashes every 15 s. "White structure," according to NGA. Chandra Morsono's photo, at the top of this page, is believed to be of this lighthouse. Google has only a very distant satellite view of the cape. Located on the southern tip of the narrow island of Sanana, marking the passage between that island and Buru. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1601.15; NGA 25754.5.
Northwestern Halmahera and Ternate Area Lighthouses
Pulau Mukian: 2003. Active; focal plane 25 m (82 ft); white flash every 5 s. 20 m (66 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and clouds obscure Google's distant satellite view. Pulau Mukian is a volcanic island off the west coast of Halmahera about 60 km (38 mi) south of Ternate. Located on the western tip of the island. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2107.3.
Maluku Sea (Molucca Sea) Lighthouses
Tanjung Mayu: 2003. Active; focal plane 33 m (108 ft); white flash every 5 s. 20 m (66 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available. Located on the east side of Pulau Mayu. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2107.56.
Pulau Mayu (Tanjung Lelew): 2006. Active; focal plane 40 m (131 ft); white flash every 3 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view. Located on the western tip of a high island in the Maluku Sea about halfway between Halmahera and the northeastern tip of Sulawesi. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-221; Admiralty F2107.5; NGA 25222.7.

Information available on lost lighthouses:

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm

Lighthouses of Indonesia: Sulawesi (Celebes)

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm

Lighthouses of Indonesia: Sulawesi (Celebes)

Indonesia has been independent since 1945, after having been the Dutch East Indies for more than 350 years. It is a huge country, stretching along both sides of the Equator for more than 46 degrees of longitude (roughly 5100 km or 3200 miles). Comprised of some 17,000 islands (more than 6000 inhabited islands), it has hundreds of major aids to navigation. This page includes the lighthouses of Sulawesi (Celebes), a major island in the northern part of the country.
Shaped like an artistically drawn letter K, Sulawesi consists mostly of four narrow peninsulas. The Makassar Strait separates Sulawesi from Kalimantan (Borneo) to the west. The Celebes Sea is north of the island, the Banda Sea is to the east and southeast, and the Flores Sea is on the south. Makassar, also called Ujung Pandang, is the major port.
The Indonesian word for a lighthouse is mercusuar. The phrase menara suar, which includes the Arabic word menara, is sometimes used instead. Pulauis an island and karang is a reef.
Aids to navigation in Indonesia are operated and maintained by the Indonesian Directorate of Marine Navigation (Indomarinav).
ARLHS numbers are from the ARLHS World List of Lights. Admiralty numbers are from volumes F and K of the Admiralty List of Lights & Fog Signals. U.S. NGA List numbers are from Publication 112.

General Sources
Historical Lighthouses: From Indomarinav, information on four surviving Dutch lighthouses.
KITLV Beeldbank: Historic photos from the collection of the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.

Karang Takarewataya Light, November 2008
photo copyright Damien Loong; permission requested

South Sulawesi Province Lighthouses

Southern Peninsula Lighthouses
Tanjung Lameriki: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 34 m (112 ft); white flash every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon," according to NGA. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the area. This lighthouse faces the Gulf of Boni, an arm of the Flores Sea that separates the southern and southeastern peninsulas of Sulawesi. Located on a promontory about 45 km (28 mi) north of Macoppe. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-306; Admiralty K1541.3; NGA 25473.
Bulukumba (Tanjung Papanambeja) (2): Date unknown (station established 1904). Active; focal plane 26 m (85 ft); four white flashes every 20 s. 24 m (79 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but a Google satellite view probably shows the shadow of the lighthouse. The original tower had a height of 13 m (43 ft). Located on a promontory on the southwest side of Bulukumba. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-121; Admiralty K1532; NGA 25412.
#Mariso (Tanjung Bunga) (2): Date unknown (station established 1887). Inactive since 2007. 39 m (128 ft) painted white. No photo available, and a Google satellite view of the area does not reveal the tower. The original lighthouse had a focal plane of 14 m (46 ft). Development plans for this area may have caused the lighthouse to be demolished. Located on or near the beach a short distance south of Makassar. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1516; NGA 25440.
Selayer Islands Lighthouses
Note: The Selayer Islands extend south and then southeast from the southeastern tip of Sulawesi's Southern Peninsula. The islands separate the Flores Sea to the east from the Java Sea to the west.
Pulau Pasitanete (Pamatata) (2): Date unknown (station established 1905). Active; focal plane 65 m (213 ft); four white flashes every 20 s. 20 m (66 ft) square skeletal tower with lantern and gallery. Lighthouse painted white, lantern red. A photo is available, and Google has a satellite view of the station. The original lighthouse had a focal plane height of only 45 m (148 ft), so it must have been built at a lower location. Located on a small island off the northern end of the much larger island of Selayar, about 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Bulukumba. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-234; Admiralty K1536; NGA 25408.
Pulau Bonerate: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 64 m (210 ft); three white flashes every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) tower, probably skeletal. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Located on an island in the Flores Sea near the southeastern end of the Selayer group. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1328; NGA 25663.

Java Sea Island Lighthouses Pulau Banawaya (2): Date unknown (station established 1913). Active; focal plane 32 m (105 ft); two white lights every 5 s. Approx. 27 m (89 ft) "white beacon." No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. KITLV has a distant view of the original lighthouse, which had a focal plane height of 20 m (66 ft). Located on a small island in the middle of the Java Sea about 150 km (90 mi) south of the southern point of Sulawesi. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-009; Admiralty K1325; NGA 25416.5.
Pulau Kapoposangbali: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 34 m (112 ft); white flash every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon," according to NGA. No photo available; Google has a very distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island of the Satengar group, far across the Java Sea, roughly 360 km (225 mi) southwest of Makassar and only 80 km (50 mi) off the north coast of Lombok in the Lesser Sunda Islands. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-203; Admiralty K1322; NGA 25578.
Pulau Jailamu (2?): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); white flash every 5 s. NGA describes this as a 10 m (33 ft) fiberglass tower, but two very distant views (first and second photos on the page) suggest a taller, possibly skeletal tower. Google has a very distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island about 210 km (130 mi) south southwest of Makassar. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1325.3; NGA 25416.6.
Karang Takarewataya (De Bril, Den Bril): 1887. Active; focal plane 25 m (82 ft); white flash every 10 s. 23 m (75 ft) octagonal cast iron tower with lantern and three galleries, painted with red and white horizontal stripes. Damien Loong's photo is at the top of this page, KITLV has a 1931 photo, and the Amsterdam Tropenmuseum has a 1929 distant view. Google has a distant satellite view of the reef. This is the only survivor among several lighthouses of this class built in the Dutch Indies. Located at the south end of a reef in the Java Sea about 120 km (75 mi) south southwest of the southern point of Sulawesi. Accessible only by boat; fishing tours to the reef are available. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-009; Admiralty K1524; NGA 25416.
Southern Strait of Makassar Lighthouses
Dewakang Besar: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 33 m (108 ft); white flash every 5 s. 30 m (98 ft) white iron skeletal tower. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island about 105 km (65 mi) west southwest of Makassar. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-125; Admiralty K1522; NGA 25420.
Pulau Tanakeke: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 24 m (79 ft); white flash every 10 s. 20 m (66 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, but Google has a good satellite view. Pulau Tanakeke is a populated island about 15 km (9 mi) southwest of Patalasang, on the southwestern tip of Sulawesi. ARLHS IDO-250; Admiralty K1518.5; NGA 25421.
Pulau Dayangdayangan (2): Date unknown (station established 1906). Active; focal plane 42 m (138 ft); white flash every 5 s. 30 m (98 ft) white iron skeletal tower. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the island. The original lighthouse had a focal plane height of 32 m (105 ft). Located on a small island about 50 km (30 mi) south southwest of Makassar. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-196; Admiralty K1518; NGA 25424.
Kudingareng (Kodengarang) Lompo: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 41 m (135 ft); four white flashes every 27 s. 40 m (131 ft) square skeletal tower with lantern and gallery, painted white. A small photo is available (3/4 the way down the page), and Google has an indistinct satellite view. Located at the south end of a small but densely populated island about 15 km (9 mi) west of Makassar. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-023; Admiralty K1518; NGA 25432.

West Sulawesi Province Lighthouses

Central Strait of Makassar Lighthouses
Tanjung Rangasa: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 105 m (344 ft); white flash every 5 s. 21 m (69 ft) white iron skeletal tower. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the cape. Located on a prominent cape about 5 km (3 mi) southwest of Majene (Madjene). Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-325; Admiralty K1496; NGA 25492.
Tanjung Binanga: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 24 m (79 ft); white flash every 6 s. Approx. 20 m (66 ft) square pyramidal skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. Located on a promontory at Palangpalang, about 40 km (25 mi) north of Majene (Madjene). Site probably open, tower closed. Admiralty K1494; NGA 25494.
Tanjung Rangas: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 99 m (325 ft); white flash every 6 s. 21 m (69 ft) white iron skeletal tower. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the cape. Located on a prominent cape about 10 km (6 mi) northwest of Mamuju. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-324; Admiralty K1490; NGA 25500.
Tanjung Pasangkayu (Pasaugkajoe): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 56 m (184 ft); three white flashes every 24 s. 37 m (131 ft) skeletal tower with lantern and gallery, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite viewof the cape. Located on a promontory about 2.5 km (1.5 mi) west of Pasangkayu. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-044; Admiralty K1484; NGA 25504.

Central Sulawesi Province West Coast Lighthouses

Northern Strait of Makassar Lighthouses
* Teluk Palu (Palu Gulf): 1907. Active; focal plane 82 m (269 ft); four long (2 s) white flashes every 25 s. 21 m (69 ft) octagonal (?) white iron skeletal tower with lantern and gallery. No photo available, but Google has a good satellite viewof the station. It appears that the original lighthouse survives here. Located on a prominent cape on the west side of the entrance to the narrow Palu Gulf, about 25 km (15 mi) northwesr of Palu, the capital of Central Sulawesi. Site status unknown, but it should be possible to drive to this station from Palu. ARLHS IDO-339; Admiralty K1476; NGA 25508.
Pulau Manimbaya: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 50 m (164 ft); two white flashes every 20 s. 40 m (131 ft) square skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the area. This lighthouse is built almost precisely on the Equator. Located at the tip of a long promontory extending into the Strait of Makassar about 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Mapaga. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2040; NGA 25114.
Pulau Tuguan (Pulau Tugguan, Noordwachter): 1902. Active; focal plane 92 m (302 ft); white flash every 5 s. 20 m (66 ft) white iron skeletal tower. The modern description is consistent with the Dutch original. No photo available, and Google has only a distantsatellite view of the island. Not to be confused with another, better known Noordwachter in the Java Sea. Located on an island in the strait about 25 m (15 mi) northwest of Munte in northwestern Sulawesi. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-031; Admiralty F2044; NGA 25120.
Tanjung Labuan Dedeh: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 16 m (52 ft); white flash every 3 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the point. Located on a point of land sheltering the harbor of Tolitoli. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2048; NGA 25116.
Tanjung Malagka (Pulau Salando Timur, Stroomenkaap) (2): Date unknown (station established 1913). Active; focal plane 57 m (187 ft); white flash every 5 s. 25 m (82 ft) white iron skeletal tower. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. This lighthouse marks the northeastern entrance to the Strait of Makassar. The original lighthouse had a focal plane height of 46 m (151 ft). Located on an island just off Tanjung (cape) Malagka, the northwestern corner of Sulawesi. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-312; Admiralty F2050; NGA 25112.
Pulau Dolongan: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 23 m (75 ft); white flash every 6 s. 15 m (49 ft) "white beacon." No photo available. Located off the northern tip of an island about 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Tanjung Malagka. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2051.

North Sulawesi Province Lighthouses

Note: North Sulawesi Province includes the final third of the sinuous Minahasa Peninsula plus the Sangihe (Sangir) Islands, a chain that stretches north across the Celebes Sea almost to Mindanao in the Philippines.
Minahasa Peninsula Lighthouses
Pulau Hulawa: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 40 m (131 ft); white flash every 3 s. 25 m (82 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available; a distant Google satellite view probably shows the location of the station. Located on an island off the north coast of Sulawesi, about 25 km (15 mi) north of Malingkapoto. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2060; NGA 25128.
Northeastern Sangihe Islands Lighthouses
Pulau Miangas (Isla Palmas) (2?): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 130 m (427 ft); three white flashes every 20 s. 30 m (98 ft) square skeletal tower with gallery, painted white. A portfolio of photos is available; this collection suggests that the present tower is relatively new. The tower is visible in David Vilabella's distant view of the island, but Google's satellite view is only a blur. Pulau Miangas is a small island in the Philippine Sea about 125 km (75 mi) east of the southern tip of Mindanao. The island, known as Isla Palmas in the Philippines, was claimed by the U.S. as part of the Philippines in the early 1900s, but in 1928 the Permanent Court of Arbitration ruled in favor of the Netherlands. Indonesia maintains sovereignty as successor to the Dutch. Located at the highest point of the island. Site open, tower closed. Admiralty F2138; NGA 15156.
Pulau Marampit: 2006. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); two white flashes every 12 s. 40 m (131 ft) "white tower," probably skeletal. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the area. Located at the northern tip of an island about 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Keratung. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2134.2.
* [Karatung]: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 12 m (39 ft); white flash every 3 s. 10 m (33 ft) round hourglass-shaped white fiberglass tower, mounted on a square concrete base. Ferdi Rosman Feizal has a photo, but Google has only a very distant satellite view. This light is similar to many harbor lights in Indonesia's out islands. Pulau Karatung is a small but inhabited island about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of the northern tip of Pulau Talaud. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2134; NGA 25199.
Pulau Kakarutan (Kakorotan): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) tower, probably skeletal. Google has only a very fuzzy satellite view of the island. Located on a small island a few miles east of Pulau Intata (next entry). Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2133.8.
Pulau Intata: Date unknown (2006 or later). Active; focal plane 55 m (180 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Ferdi Rosman Feizal's early 2006 photo of the island does not show a lighthouse. Located on a small island about 50 km (30 mi) east northeast of the northern tip of Pulau Talaud. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2133.9.
Tanjung Palle: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 65 m (213 ft); white flash every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) "white beacon." No photo available; Google has a very distant satellite view of the cape. Located on Pulau Kaburuang, an island off a promontory at the south end of the Talaud group in the northeastern Sangihe chain. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-318; Admiralty F2133.5; NGA 25197.8.
Northwestern Sangihe Islands Lighthouses
Pulau Marore: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 180 m (591 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) square skeletal tower with lantern and gallery, painted white. Ferdi Rosman Feizal has a distant view and second view, but Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Pulau Marore is the Indonesia's northernmost inhabited island in the Celebes Sea. Located about 90 km (55 mi) south of Mindanao. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2135; NGA 25200.
Pulau Kawio: 2006. Active; focal plane 50 m (164 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) "white beacon," probably skeletal. No photo available. Located on a small island about 150 km (95 mi) south of Mindanao. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2134.8.
Pulau Matutuang: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 107 m (351 ft); white flash every 5 s. "White lighthouse," according to NGA. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Located on an isolated high island at the northern end of the Sangihe chain, about 130 km (80 mi) south of Mindanao. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-220; Admiralty F2135.5; NGA 25201.
Pulau Sangihe Area Lighthouses
Pulau Buang (Salehe): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 80 m (262 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. Approx. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. The lighthouse is a ghostly presence in Ferdi Rosman Feizal's distant view of the island, and also in a second view. The island is only a blur in Google's satellite view. Located on an island about 35 km (22 mi) northeast of the northern point of Pulau Sangihe, the central island of the archipelago. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2128; NGA 25197.
Pulau Manipa: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 69 m (226 ft); white flash every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) white concrete tower with lantern and gallery. David Vilabella has a distant view from the sea, but Google has only a distantsatellite view of the area. Located on the southern tip of a small island off the north end of Pulau Sangihe. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-218; Admiralty F2127.5; NGA 25196.5.
Tanjung Bunakeng (Tahuna, Pulau Sangihe): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 130 m (427 ft); white flash every 3 s. 30 m (98 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very fuzzy satellite view of the area. Located on heights near Tahuna, the principal town on the west coast of Pulau Sangihe. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2123; NGA 25190.
Southern Sangihe Islands Lighthouses
Pulau Makalehi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 150 m (492 ft); two white flashes every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) "white tower," probably skeletal. No photo available. Located on a high island about 25 km (15 mi) west of Pulau Siau, one of the larger islands of the Sangihe chain. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2120.3.
* [Ulu (Pulau Siau)]: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 15 m (49 ft); white flash every 3 s. 13 m (43 ft) round hourglass-shaped white fiberglass tower, mounted on a square concrete base. Ferdi Rosman Feizal has a photo, but Google has only a very distant satellite view of the town. This light is similar to many harbor lights in Indonesia's out islands. Located on the waterfront of Ulu, a settlement on the east coast of Pulau Siau. Site open, tower closed. Admiralty F2120; NGA 25184.
Pulau Pasige: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 15 m (49 ft); white flash every 2.5 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island near the south end of the Sangihe chain, about 90 km (55 mi) north northeast of Tanjung Arus. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty F2114; NGA 25176.

Central Sulawesi Province East Coast Lighthouses

Banda Sea Lighthouses Tanjung Kembani: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 22 m (72 ft); white flash every 10 s. 20 m (66 ft) "white beacon," probably a skeletal tower. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the area. Located on the southern tip of Peleng, largest and westernmost of the Banggai island group, off the southeast coast of Sulawesi's eastern peninsula. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1565; NGA 25274.3.
Pulau Buangbuang (Buang Buang): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 28 m (92 ft); white flash every 5 s. 25 m (82 ft) "white tower," probably skeletal. No photo available, and Google's satellite view of the area is fuzzy and clouded. Located on a small island at the southeastern tip of the Banggai group, marking a narrow passage between the Banggai reefs and those of the Sula group in North Maluku province. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1569; NGA 25380.
Tanjung Bea: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 18 m (56 ft); white flash every 5 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of this very remote area. Located on a promontory near the base of Sulawesi's eastern peninsula, near Morowali. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1563.5; NGA 25268.
Tanjung Losoni: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 50 m (164 ft); four white flashes every 10 s. "White lighthouse," according to NGA. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the area. This light stands on a promontory at Losoni on the central east coast of Sulawesi. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-311; Admiralty K1562.93; NGA 25274.6.

Southeast Sulawesi Province Lighthouses

Kendari and Pulau Wowoni Area Lighthouses Pulau Dehaan: 2007. Active; focal plane 55 m (180 ft); four white flashes every 10 s. 10 m (33 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available. NGA lists an earlier light with a focal plane of 12 m (39 ft). Located on a small island about 65 km (40 mi) north of Kendari. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1559.97.
Pulau Saponda Tengah (2): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); white flash every 4 s. 18 m (59 ft) "white beacon," probably a skeletal tower. No photo available; Google has a very distant satellite view of the island. NGA lists an earlier light with a focal plane of 12 m (39 ft). Located on a small island about 20 km (13 mi) east of Kendari. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1559; NGA 25280.
Tanjung Pemali (Pulau Wowoni): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); four white flashes every 20 s. 40 m (131 ft) square skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. Located on the northern tip of the island of Wowoni, southeast of Kendari. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1559.7; NGA 25288.
Tanjung Watutembatu: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 65 m (213 ft); four white flashes every 10 s. 40 m (131 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a very distant satellite view of the cape. This light stands on a promontory at the easternmost tip of the island of Wowoni, southeast of Kendari. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-334; Admiralty K1559.9; NGA 25289.
Pulau Buton and Flores Sea Island Lighthouses Tanjung Kanolanatumbi: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); white flash every 10 s. 30 m (98 ft) white concrete tower with lantern and gallery. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. This light stands on the eastern point of the island of Buton, off the southeast coast of Sulawesi. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-302; Admiralty K1555.8; NGA 25346.
Pulau Wangiwangi: Date unknown (station established 1904). Active; focal plane 150 m (492 ft); two white flashes every 12 s. 21 m (69 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite viewof the area. Pulau Wangiwangi is an island in the Tukangbesi group, east of Buton. Located on the northern tip of the island, 35 km (22 mi) east of Tanjung Kanolanatumbi. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-259; Admiralty K1558; NGA 25348.
Pulau Binongko: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); white flash every 10 s. "White beacon," according to NGA. A tall tower would be expected here to guide vessels rounding the southeastern tip of Sulawesi and its associated islands. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the area. Located at the southern tip of Pulau Binongko, the southernmost island of the Tukangbesi group, southeast of Buton. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1558.34; NGA 25350.4.
Pulau Moromaho: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 45 m (148 ft); four white flashes every 10 s. "Lighthouse," according to NGA. A distant photo (a little more than halfway down the page) shows what appears to be a white concrete tower perhaps 40 m (131 ft) tall. Google has a distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island at the junction of the Banda and Flores Seas well off the southeast coast of Sulawesi. The island is a well known scuba diving site. Accessible only by boat. Site open, tower closed. ARLHS IDO-225; Admiralty K1558.33; NGA 25351.
Pulau Lebutan: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 20 m (66 ft); two white flashes every 8 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available; Google has a distant and clouded satellite view of the area. Located on an island in the channel on the west side of Butan. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-154; Admiralty K1551.5; NGA 25328.
Tanjung Masige (Pulau Siumpu): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 20 m (66 ft); white flash every 5 s. 15 m (49 ft) skeletal tower, painted white. No photo available, and Google has only a fuzzy satellite view of the area. Located at the southwestern tip of Pulau Siumpu, an island off the southwestern tip of Butan. Site status unknown. ARLHS IDO-280; Admiralty K1553; NGA 25352.
Kolaka Area Lighthouses * Kolaka Pier (2): Date unknown. Active; focal plane 17 m (56 ft); yellow flash every 3 s. 15 m (49 ft) white concrete tower. No photo available, but Google has a satellite view. Kolaka is a town on the Gulf of Boni, which separates Southeast and South Sulawesi. Ferries cross the gulf from Kolaka to Watampone in South Sulawesi. Located on the east pier at Kolaka. Site status unknown, but there must be good views from the waterfront. Admiralty K1547.9; NGA 25360.
Lambacina (Lambasina) Kecil: Date unknown. Active; focal plane 60 m (197 ft); two white flashes every 8 s. 30 m (98 ft) white tower, probably skeletal. No photo available, and Google has only a distant satellite view of the island. Located on a small island in the Gulf of Boni about 30 km (19 mi) west of Kolaka. Accessible only by boat. Site status unknown. Admiralty K1548.6; NGA 25370.

Information available on lost lighthouses:

Fort Rotterdam (1861-1930s), Makassar. KITLV has a historic photo, the Netherlands Archives has a closeup historic photo, Wikimedia has four historic photos from the Amsterdam Tropenmuseum, and Klaus Huelse has a postcard view.

Notable faux lighthouses:

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/idri.htm